Verneuil process — The Verneuil process, also called flame fusion, was the first commercially successful method of manufacturing synthetic gemstones, developed in 1902 by the French chemist Auguste Verneuil. It is primarily used to produce the ruby and sapphire… … Wikipedia
Verneuil process — /verr noy /; Fr. /verdd nue yeu/ a process for making synthetic rubies, sapphires, spinels, etc., by the fusion at high temperatures of powdered compounds. Also called flame fusion process. [named after A.V.L. Verneuil, 19th century French… … Universalium
verneuil method — noun see verneuil process … Useful english dictionary
Auguste Victor Louis Verneuil — (1856 1913) was a French chemist best known for inventing the first commercially viable process for the manufacture of synthetic gemstones. In 1902 he discovered the flame fusion process, today called the Verneuil Process, which remains in use… … Wikipedia
flame-fusion process — /flaym fyooh zheuhn/. See Verneuil process. * * * … Universalium
flame-fusion process — /flaym fyooh zheuhn/. See Verneuil process … Useful english dictionary
Sapphire — For other uses, see Sapphire (disambiguation). Sapphire The 423 carat (85 g) blue Logan sapphire General Category Oxide mineral … Wikipedia
Ruby — This article is about the mineral. For other uses, see Ruby (disambiguation). Ruby Natural ruby crystals from Winza, Tanzania General Category … Wikipedia
Diamond simulant — Due to its low cost and close visual likeness to diamond, cubic zirconia has remained the most gemologically and economically important diamond simulant since 1976. The high price of gem grade diamonds, as well as significant ethical concerns of… … Wikipedia
Timeline of materials technology — BC= * 29,000–25,000 BC First ceramic appears *3rd millennium BC Copper metallurgy is invented and copper is used for ornamentation *2nd millennium BC Bronze is used for weapons and armour *1st millennium BC Pewter beginning to be used in China… … Wikipedia
